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Chemistry | Class 12
Sindh
Class 12
Chemistry (
Total Videos: 359
)
Preference
All Chapters
Chapter 1: Chemistry of Representative Elements
Chapter 2: Chemistry of Outer Transition Elements
Chapter 3: Organic Compounds
Chapter 4: Nomenclature of Organic Compounds
Chapter 5: Introduction to Hydrocarbons
Chapter 6: Alkyl Halides & Amines
Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Chapter 8: Carbonyl Compounds I: Aldehydes and Ketones
Chapter 9: Carbonyl Compounds II: Carboxylic Acid and Functional Derivatives
Chapter 10: Biochemistry
Chapter 11: Industrial Chemistry
Chapter 12: Environmental Chemistry
Chapter 13: Spectroscopy
Show Content
Select a chapter above and press 'Show Content'. Click a video topic below to view.
Chapter 1 Chemistry of Representative Elements (
55 videos
) (
Practice Test
)
1.1: General Group Trends of Representative Elements (
Practice Test
)
Introduction to Periodic Law And Periodic Table
14803 views
Groups in Modern Periodic Table
14467 views
Physical Properties of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals
7228 views
Trend of Atomic Radius in Periodic Table
27707 views
Trends in Atomic Radius and First Ionization Energy of Group II
3076 views
Trends of Atomic Radius in 3rd Period
6553 views
Ionization Energy Variation within a Group
1534 views
Electropositive Character of Metals
5090 views
Trends in Electronegativity, Melting & Boiling points of Group II
3046 views
Trend of Electronegativity in Periodic Table
3354 views
Trends of Electrical Conductivity in 3rd Period
Electrical Conductance
2238 views
Oxidation State
5016 views
More on Oxidation State
1599 views
Melting and Boiling points variation in a Group
3307 views
Trend of Melting, Boiling Points & Density in Group I
6260 views
Peculiar Behaviour of Beryllium
4986 views
More on Peculiar Behaviour of Beryllium
1.2: Reactions of Representative Elements (
Practice Test
)
Trends in Chemical Properties of Alkali Metals
7176 views
More on Trends in Chemical Properties of Alkali Metals
1621 views
Trends in Chemical Properties of Alkaline-Earth Metals
4145 views
More on Trends in Chemical Properties of Alkaline-Earth Metals
2882 views
1.3: Flame Test for S-Block Elements (
Practice Test
)
Flame Test for Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals
3142 views
1.4: Chemistry of Important Compounds of S-Block Elements (
Practice Test
)
Industrial Preparation of Sodium Hydroxide
5377 views
Physical Properties of Sodium Hydroxide
1912 views
Reaction of Sodium Hydroxide with Acids
1014 views
Reaction of Sodium Hydroxide with Metals
904 views
Reactions of Chlorine with Alkalies
797 views
Uses of Sodium Hydroxide
4039 views
Bleaching Powder
3093 views
Preparation of Bleaching Powder in Industry
6761 views
Physical Properties of Bleaching Powder
1276 views
Reaction of Bleaching Powder with Water
3447 views
Reaction of Bleaching Powder with Strong Acids
1115 views
Uses of Bleaching Powder
8279 views
1.5: Reactions of p-Block Elements (
Practice Test
)
Chemical Reaction of Nitrogen with Oxygen
1511 views
Reactions of Oxygen with Non-metals
419 views
Reaction of Non Metals with Water
1520 views
Reaction of Halogens with Oxygen
683 views
1.6: Chemical Behaviour of Halogens (
Practice Test
)
Bond Enthalpies in Halogens
2827 views
The Acidity of Hydrogen Halides
Relative Reactivities of the Halogens as Oxidizing Agents
3474 views
Halide Ions as Reducing agents
2272 views
1.7: Chemistry of Sulphuric Acid (Contact Process) (
Practice Test
)
Preparation of Sulphuric Acid through Contact Process
13670 views
Physical Properties of Sulphuric Acids
1513 views
Reactions of Sulphuric Acid as an Oxidizing Agent
1346 views
Reactions of Sulphuric Acid as a Dehydrating Agent
1257 views
Reactions of Sulphuric Acid With Gases, Benzene and Oxidizing Agents
346 views
Sulphuric Acid as an Acid
654 views
Uses of Sulphuric Acid
2262 views
1.8: Diagonal Relationship of Representative Elements (
Practice Test
)
Uses of Aluminium
1392 views
Uses of Sulphur
1613 views
Uses of Chlorine
2520 views
Uses of Potash Alum
4334 views
Uses of Ammonia
880 views
Chapter 2 Chemistry of Outer Transition Elements (
26 videos
) (
Practice Test
)
2.1: General Features of Outer Transition Elements (
Practice Test
)
Introduction to the Transition Elements
21929 views
Binding Energies of Transition Elements
9054 views
More on Binding Energies of Transition Elements
3769 views
Covalent Radii and Ionic Radii
Melting and Boiling points of Transition Elements
2895 views
Oxidation State of Transition Elements
18904 views
Catalytic Properties of Transition elements
6670 views
Paramagnetism of Transition Elements
4798 views
More Characteristics of Transition Elements
4876 views
2.2: Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds (
Practice Test
)
Components of Complex Compounds
3223 views
More on Components of Complex Compounds
2118 views
Nomenclature of Complex Compounds
467 views
More on Nomenclature of Complex Compounds
9478 views
2.3: Chemistry of Some Important Transition Elements (
Practice Test
)
Oxidation states of Chromium
4763 views
Preparation of Potassium Dichromate
4253 views
Properties of Potassium Dichromate
3896 views
More on Properties of Potassium Dichromate
847 views
Oxidation states of Manganese
3400 views
Properties of Potassium Permanganate
3664 views
More on Properties of Potassium Permanganate
804 views
Oxidation states of Iron
2734 views
Steel
424 views
Steel Alloys
55 views
Uses of Iron and Steel
172 views
Oxidation states of Copper
2486 views
Metallurgy of Copper
7656 views
Chapter 3 Organic Compounds (
25 videos
) (
Practice Test
)
3.1: Sources (
Practice Test
)
Basic Introduction to Organic Chemistry
10281 views
Modern Definition of Organic Chemistry
7804 views
Sources of Organic Compounds
5200 views
Coal and Its Types
7635 views
Amorphous Forms of Carbon, Coal
3839 views
Petroleum
7113 views
Natural Gas
3600 views
Plants and Natural Products Chemistry
2586 views
Partial and Total Synthesis
4759 views
Role of Biotechnology In Agriculture, Food Production And Preservation
135 views
3.2: Coal As a Source of Organic Compounds (
Practice Test
)
Destructive Distillation of Coal
10837 views
More on Destructive Distillation of Coal
2714 views
Reforming of Petroleum
4357 views
3.3: Characteristics of Organic Compounds (
Practice Test
)
General Charateristic of Organic Compounds
6788 views
More on General Charateristic of Organic Compounds
2409 views
Catenation
5053 views
3.4: Uses of Organic Compounds (
Practice Test
)
Uses of Organic Compounds
4356 views
3.5: New Allotropic Form of Carbon (Bucky Balls) (
Practice Test
)
Bucky Balls
5460 views
3.6: Functional Groups and Homologous Series (
Practice Test
)
Functional Groups, Alcoholic Group
5239 views
Aldehydic Group
2579 views
Ketonic Group
2120 views
Carboxylic Group
2662 views
Functional Group Contaning Carbon, Hydrogen and Nitrogen
2296 views
Ester Linkage
3168 views
Homologous Series
6691 views
Chapter 4 Nomenclature of Organic Compounds (
20 videos
) (
Practice Test
)
4.1: Hydrocarbons and their Derivatives (
Practice Test
)
Concept of Organic Compounds
12090 views
Introduction to Hydrocarbons
13139 views
4.2: History of Nomenclature (
Practice Test
)
Common and IUPAC names
10935 views
4.3: IUPAC System (
Practice Test
)
Common and IUPAC names
10935 views
4.4: Nomenclature of Alkanes (
Practice Test
)
Nomenclature of Alkanes
26737 views
More on Nomenclature of Alkanes
11568 views
4.5: Nomenclature of Alkenes (
Practice Test
)
Nomenclature of Alkenes
14966 views
4.6: Nomenclature of Alkynes (
Practice Test
)
Nomenclature of Alkynes
11365 views
4.7: Nomenclature of Alkyl Halides (
Practice Test
)
Nomenclature of Alkyl Halides
12091 views
4.8: Nomenclature of Amines (
Practice Test
)
Amines and its Nomenclature
5178 views
4.9: Nomenclature of Alcohols (
Practice Test
)
Nomenclature of Alcohols
8783 views
4.10: Nomenclature of Phenols (
Practice Test
)
Nomenclature of Phenols
4750 views
4.11: Nomenclature of Ethers (
Practice Test
)
Nomenclature of Ethers
5101 views
4.12: Nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones (
Practice Test
)
Nomenclature of Aldehydes
7806 views
Nomenclature of Ketones
5462 views
4.13: Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids (
Practice Test
)
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids
6139 views
4.14: Nomenclature of Esters (
Practice Test
)
Nomenclature of Esters
2092 views
4.15: Nomenclature of Amides (
Practice Test
)
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids
6139 views
4.16: Nomenclature of Acyl Halides (
Practice Test
)
Common and IUPAC names
10935 views
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids
6139 views
Chapter 5 Introduction to Hydrocarbons (
64 videos
) (
Practice Test
)
5.1: Types of Hydrocarbons (
Practice Test
)
Introduction to Hydrocarbons
13139 views
Saturated Hydrocarbons
6823 views
Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
3236 views
Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and their Derivatives
3674 views
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
4160 views
5.2: Alkanes and Cyclo Alkanes (
Practice Test
)
Alkanes
9175 views
Nomenclature of Cycloalkanes
3990 views
Physical Properties of Alkanes
8056 views
More on Sp3 Hybridization
5637 views
Geometrical Isomerism in Cyclic compounds
839 views
Reactivity of Alkanes
5898 views
Reactivity of Cycloalkanes
3433 views
5.3: Radical Substitution Reactions (
Practice Test
)
Homolytic and Heterolytic Fission
6097 views
Halogenation of Alkanes
9281 views
5.4: Alkenes (
Practice Test
)
Alkenes
4809 views
Sp2 Hybridization
8929 views
Preparation of Alkene
6950 views
Dehydration of Alcohols
6614 views
More on Preparation of Alkene
2668 views
Reactivities of Alkanes, Alkenes and Benzene
2257 views
Hydrogenation of Alkenes
5797 views
Halogenation of Alkenes
2830 views
Hydrohalogenation of Alkenes
2899 views
Reaction of Ethene with Water
568 views
Ozonolysis of Alkene
9336 views
More on Ozonolysis of Alkene
3110 views
Polymerisation of Alkenes
4925 views
5.5: Alkynes (
Practice Test
)
Alkynes
3690 views
Sp Hybridization
7843 views
Physical Properties of Alkynes
3960 views
Preparation of Alkynes
4733 views
More on Preparation of Alkynes
2201 views
Acidic Nature of Alkynes
6304 views
Reactivity of Alkynes
3608 views
Hydrogenation of Ethyne
2603 views
Hydrohalogenation of Ethyne
529 views
Addition of Water in Alkynes
4599 views
More on Addition of Water in Alkynes
1829 views
Addition of Halogens in Alkynes
2447 views
Ozonolysis of Alkynes
2916 views
5.6: Isomerism (
Practice Test
)
Isomerism
10275 views
Structural Isomerism
5219 views
Position Isomerism
4882 views
Functional group Isomerism
4629 views
Metamerism
3713 views
Tautomerism
3747 views
Optical Activity
9388 views
Optical Isomerism
6080 views
Cis-trans Isomerism or Geometrical Isomerism
3815 views
5.7: Benzene and its Derivatives (
Practice Test
)
Benzene,Molecular Formula
6480 views
Physical Properties of Benzene
3315 views
Structure of Benzene
12707 views
Resonance
8980 views
Reduction of Benzene
1821 views
Halogenation of Benzene
5818 views
Reactivity of Benzene Towards Electrophiles
6340 views
Nitration of Benzene
6543 views
Sulphonation of Benzene
9564 views
Friedel-Crafts Reaction, Alkylation
9167 views
Friedel-Crafts Reaction, Acylation
6919 views
ortho and para Directing Groups
13609 views
More on ortho and para Directing Groups
1733 views
Meta-Directing Groups
8363 views
Making Polysubstituted Benzenes
1654 views
Chapter 6 Alkyl Halides & Amines (
24 videos
) (
Practice Test
)
6.1: Alkyl Halides (
Practice Test
)
Introduction to Alkyl Halides
12461 views
Structure of Alkyl Halides
3385 views
Preparation of Alkyl Halides From Alcohols
12432 views
Preparation of Alkyl Halides From Alkenes & Alkanes
3273 views
Reactivity of Alkyl Halides
7432 views
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
12091 views
Nucleophilic Substitution Unimolecular(SN1)
11290 views
Nucleophilic Substitution Bimolecular(SN2)
11758 views
β-Elimination Reactions
8345 views
E1 Mechanism
8985 views
E2 Mechanism
6558 views
Substitution reaction vs Elimination reaction
More on Substitution reaction vs Elimination reaction
6.2: Grignard's Reagents (Organometallic Compounds) (
Practice Test
)
Preparation of Grignard Reagent
8646 views
Reactivity of Grignard Reagent
5363 views
Reactions of Grignard Reagent with Water, Ammonia and Amines
Reaction of Grignard Reagent with Esters
5880 views
Reactions of Grignard Reagent with CNCl,Alcohols and CO2
6375 views
6.3: Amines (
Practice Test
)
Amines and its Nomenclature
5178 views
Basicity of Amines
Preparation of Amines
7293 views
Reaction of Amines with Aldehydes and Ketones
4362 views
Preparation of Amides from amines
Preparation of Diazonium Salts
4316 views
Chapter 7 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers (
36 videos
) (
Practice Test
)
7.1: Alcohol (
Practice Test
)
Introduction to Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
6242 views
Classification of Alcohols
5525 views
Structure and Acidity of Alcohol
3050 views
Physical Properties of Alcohols
3061 views
Reaction of Ethene with Water
568 views
Hydrolysis of Alkyl Halides
4498 views
Reaction of RMgX with Aldehyde and Ketone
5167 views
Catalytic Reduction of Aldehyde and Ketone
3218 views
Reaction of Grignard Reagent with Esters
5880 views
Reduction of Carboxylic Acids and Esters
5017 views
Reactions of Alcohols in which C-O Bond is Broken
4104 views
Reactions of Alcohols in which O-H Bond is Broken
2726 views
Dehydration of Alcohols
1623 views
More on Oxidation of Alcohols
3203 views
Oxidative Cleavage of 1,2 Diols(Glycols)
7737 views
Uses of alcohol
1020 views
7.2: Phenols (
Practice Test
)
Introduction to Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
6242 views
Structure of Phenols
3674 views
Acidic Behaviour of Phenol
6953 views
Preparation of Phenol
5478 views
Preparation of Phenol from Hydrolysis of Aryl Diazonium Salts
3049 views
Reactivity of Phenol
1522 views
Reactions of Phenol Due to -OH Group
3650 views
Nitration of Phenol
3806 views
Sulphonation of Phenol
2364 views
Halogenation & Hydrogenation of Phenol
2559 views
Reaction of Phenol with Sodium Metal
Oxidation of Phenol
3295 views
Difference Between Alcohol and Phenol
2360 views
Confirmation Test for Alcohlic Group
829 views
Test for Ester
1349 views
Confirmation Test for Unsaturation
1637 views
7.3: Ethers (
Practice Test
)
Nomenclature of Ethers
5101 views
Preparation of Ethers
3882 views
Mechanism for Alcohol Condensation to Give an Ether
613 views
Chemical Reactivity of Ethers
2617 views
Chapter 8 Carbonyl Compounds I: Aldehydes and Ketones (
20 videos
) (
Practice Test
)
8.1: Physical Properties (
Practice Test
)
Introduction to Aldehydes and Ketones
8.2: Structure of Aldehydes and Ketones (
Practice Test
)
Structure of the Carbonyl Group
6388 views
8.3: Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones (
Practice Test
)
Ozonolysis of Alkene
9336 views
Addition of Water in Alkynes
4599 views
More on Addition of Water in Alkynes
1829 views
General Methods of Preparation of Ketones
664 views
Friedel-Crafts Reaction, Acylation
6919 views
8.4: Reactivity of Carbonyl Compounds (
Practice Test
)
Reactivity of Carbonyl Group
5436 views
8.5: Reactions of Aldehyde and Ketones (
Practice Test
)
Reactivity of Carbonyl Group
5436 views
Reactions of Carbonyl compounds with Hydroxylamine
3343 views
Reactions of Carbonyl compounds with Hydrazine
3063 views
Reaction of Carbonyl compounds with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine
2688 views
Catalytic Reduction of Aldehyde and Ketone
3218 views
Reduction of Carbonyl compounds with Sodium Borohydride
1541 views
Oxidation of Aldehydes
2859 views
Oxidation of Ketones
4464 views
Detection of Aldehyde and Ketones
1110 views
Fehling's Solution Test
2600 views
Introduction to Aldehydes and Ketones
Uses of Formaldehyde and Acetaldehyde
Chapter 9 Carbonyl Compounds II: Carboxylic Acid and Functional Derivatives (
13 videos
) (
Practice Test
)
9.1: Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids (
Practice Test
)
Structure of Carboxylic acid
2772 views
9.2: Structure of Carboxylic Acid (
Practice Test
)
Structure of Carboxylic acid
2772 views
9.3: Acidity of Carboxylic Acid (
Practice Test
)
Acidity of Carboxylic acid
9.4: Preparation of Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives (
Practice Test
)
Preparation of Carboxylic Acids from Grignard Reagents
3018 views
Preparation of Carboxylic Acids from Nitriles
3411 views
Preparation of Carboxylic Acids from Primary Alcohols & Aldehydes
3147 views
Oxidation of Aldehydes
2859 views
Oxidation of Alkyl Benzene
2884 views
9.5: Reactions of Carboxylic Acids and their Derivatives (
Practice Test
)
Reactions Involving -OH Group of the Carboxylic Acids
1416 views
More on Reactions Involving -OH Group of the Carboxylic Acids
764 views
Formation of Acid Anhydride
2580 views
Reactions Involving -COOH Group of the Carboxylic Acids
1052 views
Summary of the Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Chapter 10 Biochemistry (
23 videos
) (
Practice Test
)
10.1: Carbohydrates (
Practice Test
)
Introduction to Biochemistry
9083 views
Carbohydrates
14028 views
Classification of Carbohydrates,Monosaccharides
9672 views
Oligosaccharides
7411 views
Disaccharides
1996 views
Polysaccharides
7453 views
Uses of Carbohydrates
3339 views
Sources of Carbohydrates
4029 views
10.2: Proteins (
Practice Test
)
Protein
8966 views
Structure of Proteins
Classification of Proteins
5721 views
More on Classification of Proteins
884 views
Uses of Protein
2194 views
10.3: Lipids (
Practice Test
)
Lipids
8415 views
Classification of Lipids
4976 views
Waxes
797 views
Steroids
2117 views
Structure and Composition of Fats and Oils
3623 views
Chemical Properties of Lipids
3499 views
Saponification
2486 views
Rancidity of Fats and Oils
6618 views
Sources of Lipids
2962 views
10.4: Minerals of Biological Significance (
Practice Test
)
Minerals
1917 views
Chapter 11 Industrial Chemistry (
17 videos
) (
Practice Test
)
11.1: Introduction to Chemical Industries (
Practice Test
)
Industrial and Nuclear Chemistry
5939 views
Introduction to Chemical Industries
9433 views
Petrochemicals
2201 views
Phosphatic Fertilizers
1764 views
Cotton Textile Industry
Manufacture of Detergents
447 views
Raw Materials and Processes Involved in Manufacturing of Cement
5645 views
Important Industries of Pakistan, Cement Industry
11.2: Pharmaceutical Industry (
Practice Test
)
Pharmaceutical Industry And Leather Industry
Pain Killers and Antibiotics
769 views
Drugs and Sources of Drugs
1445 views
11.3: Pesticides (
Practice Test
)
Chemical and Biological control of Pests
2226 views
11.4: Synthetic Polymers (
Practice Test
)
Natural and Synthetic Polymers
1561 views
Polyvinyl Chloride and Polystyrene
1081 views
Nylon
2323 views
11.5: Cosmetics (
Practice Test
)
Uses of alcohol
1020 views
11.6: Adhesives (
Practice Test
)
Adhesives
4247 views
Chapter 12 Environmental Chemistry (
24 videos
) (
Practice Test
)
12.1: Chemistry of the Troposphere (
Practice Test
)
Environmental Chemistry and Polymeric Chemistry
6312 views
Pollutants
3232 views
Introduction to Atmosphere
3710 views
Layers of Atmosphere
4034 views
Troposphere
3464 views
Types of Pollutants,Oxides
2457 views
Reducing Air Pollution
Smog as Pollutant
2625 views
Global Warming
4039 views
Effect of Global Warming
1973 views
Green House Effect
5647 views
Acid Rain
6450 views
Effect of Acid Rain
3475 views
12.2: Chemistry of Stratosphere (
Practice Test
)
Stratosphere
3847 views
Depletion of Ozone
6088 views
Ozone Depletion due to Oxides of Nitrogen and Sulphur
2102 views
Role of Chlorofluorocarbons in Destroying Ozone
1861 views
12.3: Water Pollution and Water Analysis (
Practice Test
)
Water Pollution
2644 views
Water pollutants,Oxygen-Demanding Wastes(Industrial Effluents)
3256 views
Treatment of Industrial Waste
Dissolved Oxygen(DO)
1198 views
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
9778 views
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
10524 views
12.4: Green Chemistry (
Practice Test
)
Green Chemistry and its Goals
Chapter 13 Spectroscopy (
12 videos
) (
Practice Test
)
13.1: Methods of Spectroscopy (
Practice Test
)
Instrumental Methods of Analysis
8750 views
Electromagnetic Spectrum
3238 views
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy
5223 views
More on Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy
3193 views
Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometry
5313 views
More on Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometry
2876 views
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
5852 views
More on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Atomic Emission Spectrum
6941 views
Atomic Absorption Spectrum
6420 views
Determination of Ar of Isotopes by Mass Spectrometry
9286 views
More on Determination of Ar of Isotopes
2679 views
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