Biology | Class 12

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    Chapter 1 Digestive System of Man (20 videos) (Exercises Exercise Answers)

      1.1: Oral Cavity (Practice Test)
      Alimentary Canal
    1. Alimentary Canal
      5890 views
      2. Oral Cavity
    2. Oral Cavity
      693 views
      1.2: Swallowing and Peristalsis (Practice Test)
      Pharynx and Oesophagus
    1. Pharynx and Oesophagus
      6713 views
      1.3: Esophagus and Stomach (Practice Test)
      Pharynx and Oesophagus
    1. Pharynx and Oesophagus
      6713 views
      2. Stomach Digestion
    2. Stomach Digestion
      11097 views
      3. More on Digestion of Food in the Stomach
    3. More on Digestion of Food in the Stomach
      2147 views
      1.4: Role of the Nervous System and Gastrin Hormone on the Secretion of Gastric Juice
      Role of Nervous System and gastrin Hormone on the Secretion of Gastric Juice
    1. Role of Nervous System and gastrin Hormone on the Secretion of Gastric Juice
      1837 views
      1.5: Small Intestine (Practice Test)
      Small intestine
    1. Small intestine
      8002 views
      2. Digestion in Duodenum and Enzyme Precursors
    2. Digestion in Duodenum and Enzyme Precursors
      1946 views
      3. More on Jejunum
    3. More on Jejunum
      2247 views
      1.6: Absorption of Digestion Products (Practice Test)
      Absorption of Digested from lumen of Intestine
    1. Absorption of Digested from lumen of Intestine
      951 views
      2. More on Digestion and Absorption of Food in the Small Intestine
    2. More on Digestion and Absorption of Food in the Small Intestine
      3743 views
      3. Absorption of Protein in Small Intestine
    3. Absorption of Protein in Small Intestine
      465 views
      1.7: Large Intestine (Practice Test)
      Large Intestine
    1. Large Intestine
      6785 views
      2. Functions of Large Intestine
    2. Functions of Large Intestine
      1.8: Defecation
      Functions of Large Intestine
    1. Functions of Large Intestine
      1.9: Storage and Metabolic Role of Liver
      Functions of Liver
    1. Functions of Liver
      694 views
      1.10: Composition and Role of Bile (Practice Test)
      Liver
    1. Liver
      6945 views
      1.11: Structure and Function of Pancreas
      Pancreas as an Exocrine Gland
    1. Pancreas as an Exocrine Gland
      747 views
      1.12: Relation of Secretion of Bile and Pancreatic Juice With the Secretion of Hormone
      Secretion of Pancreatic Juice is Related to Secretin Hormone
    1. Secretion of Pancreatic Juice is Related to Secretin Hormone
      1058 views

    Chapter 2 Blood Circulatory System of Man (45 videos) (Exercises Exercise Answers)

      2.1: Human Heart (Practice Test)
      Structure of Human Heart
    1. Structure of Human Heart
      18062 views
      2. Structure of Human Heart
    2. Structure of Human Heart
      6361 views
      2.2: Structure of Walls of Heart (Practice Test)
      Valves of Heart
    1. Valves of Heart
      2684 views
      2. More on Valves of Heart
    2. More on Valves of Heart
      1570 views
      2.3: Flow of Blood Through Heart (Practice Test)
      Passage of Blood Through Heart
    1. Passage of Blood Through Heart
      1762 views
      2.4: Phases of Heartbeat (Practice Test)
      Heart Beat
    1. Heart Beat
      5655 views
      2. Cardiac Cycle
    2. Cardiac Cycle
      2.5: Conducting System of the Heart (Practice Test)
      S-A Node, Pace Maker, AV Node
    1. S-A Node, Pace Maker, AV Node
      20264 views
      2.6: Electrocardiogram
      Electrocardiogram
    1. Electrocardiogram
      2.7: Blood Vessels (Practice Test)
      More on Blood Vessels, Arteries
    1. More on Blood Vessels, Arteries
      1136 views
      2. Capillaries
    2. Capillaries
      1703 views
      3. Veins
    3. Veins
      1017 views
      4. Valves in Veins
    4. Valves in Veins
      1423 views
      2.8: Role of Arterioles in Vaso-Constriction and Vasodilation (Practice Test)
      Arterioles
    1. Arterioles
      1549 views
      2.9: Role of Pre-Capillary Sphincters (Practice Test)
      Role of Precapillary Sphincter
    1. Role of Precapillary Sphincter
      1788 views
      2.10: Path of Blood Through the Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation (Practice Test)
      More on Pulmonary Circulation
    1. More on Pulmonary Circulation
      599 views
      2. More on Systemic Circulation
    2. More on Systemic Circulation
      530 views
      3. Coronary Circulation
    3. Coronary Circulation
      8646 views
      4. Hepatic Portal System
    4. Hepatic Portal System
      5. Renal Circulation
    5. Renal Circulation
      4081 views
      2.11: Rate of Blood Flow in Blood Vessels (Practice Test)
      Rate of Blood Flow
    1. Rate of Blood Flow
      1343 views
      2.12: Blood Pressure (Practice Test)
      Blood Pressure, Measuring of Blood Pressure
    1. Blood Pressure, Measuring of Blood Pressure
      2.13: Baroreceptors and Volume Receptors (Practice Test)
      Baroreceptor Reflexes
    1. Baroreceptor Reflexes
      1198 views
      2. Baroreceptors
    2. Baroreceptors
      3360 views
      3. Volume receptors
    3. Volume receptors
      2.14: Cardiovascular Disorders (Practice Test)
      Thrombosis
    1. Thrombosis
      3615 views
      2.15: Heart Problems (Practice Test)
      Atherosclerosis and Arteriosclerosis
    1. Atherosclerosis and Arteriosclerosis
      5897 views
      2.16: Stages of Cardiovascular Disease Development (Practice Test)
      Angina Pectoris
    1. Angina Pectoris
      1015 views
      2. More on Myocardial Infarction
    2. More on Myocardial Infarction
      758 views
      3. Heart Failure, PDA
    3. Heart Failure, PDA
      601 views
      4. Congenital Heart Problems
    4. Congenital Heart Problems
      1339 views
      2.17: Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disorders (Practice Test)
      Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases
    1. Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases
      878 views
      2. Angioplasty
    2. Angioplasty
      859 views
      3. Open Heart Surgery
    3. Open Heart Surgery
      1056 views
      2.18: Hypertension and Hypotension (Practice Test)
      Hypertension
    1. Hypertension
      1891 views
      2. Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension
    2. Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension
      742 views
      3. Hypotension
    3. Hypotension
      2327 views
      2.19: Intercellular Fluid and Lymph (Practice Test)
      Tissue Fluid Leaves the Capillaries
    1. Tissue Fluid Leaves the Capillaries
      6958 views
      2.20: Lymphatic System of Man (Practice Test)
      Lymphatic System of Man
    1. Lymphatic System of Man
      2964 views
      2. lymphatic vessels
    2. lymphatic vessels
      2793 views
      3. Lymphatic capillaries
    3. Lymphatic capillaries
      1652 views
      4. Lymph Nodes
    4. Lymph Nodes
      1965 views
      5. Position of Lymph Nodes
    5. Position of Lymph Nodes
      1678 views
      6. Lymph Nodes in Pelvic, Abdominal & Thoracic Cavity
    6. Lymph Nodes in Pelvic, Abdominal & Thoracic Cavity
      14213 views
      7. Spleen as a Lymphatic Organ
    7. Spleen as a Lymphatic Organ
      1561 views

    Chapter 3 Respiratory System of Man (23 videos) (Exercises Exercise Answers)

      3.1: Properties of Respiratory Surface (Practice Test)
      Properties of Respiratory Surface
    1. Properties of Respiratory Surface
      2256 views
      3.2: Respiratory System of Man (Practice Test)
      Upper Respiratory Tract (Nose)
    1. Upper Respiratory Tract (Nose)
      11024 views
      2. Pharynx
    2. Pharynx
      14559 views
      3. Lower Respiratory Tract (Larynx and Trachea)
    3. Lower Respiratory Tract (Larynx and Trachea)
      5760 views
      4. Bronchi and Bronchioles
    4. Bronchi and Bronchioles
      5698 views
      5. Alveolar Ducts and Alveoli
    5. Alveolar Ducts and Alveoli
      6. External Structure of lungs
    6. External Structure of lungs
      3.3: Mechanism of Ventilation (Breathing) (Practice Test)
      Mechanism of Breathing in man
    1. Mechanism of Breathing in man
      1398 views
      2. Inspiration
    2. Inspiration
      705 views
      3. Expiration
    3. Expiration
      469 views
      4. Control of Breathing (ventilation)
    4. Control of Breathing (ventilation)
      5882 views
      3.4: Transport of Gases (Practice Test)
      Transport of Oxygen
    1. Transport of Oxygen
      1438 views
      2. Transport of (CO2)
    2. Transport of (CO2)
      5655 views
      3. As Carboxyhemoglobin, AS a Dissolved Carbon Dioxide in Plasma
    3. As Carboxyhemoglobin, AS a Dissolved Carbon Dioxide in Plasma
      2101 views
      3.5: Role of Respiratory Pigments (Practice Test)
      Myoglobin
    1. Myoglobin
      1443 views
      2. Hemoglobin
    2. Hemoglobin
      1384 views
      3.6: Respiratory Disorders (Practice Test)
      Upper Respiratory Disorders, Sinusitis
    1. Upper Respiratory Disorders, Sinusitis
      798 views
      2. Otitis Media
    2. Otitis Media
      795 views
      3. Pneumonia, Asthma
    3. Pneumonia, Asthma
      8607 views
      4. Pulmonary Tuberculosis (T.B)
    4. Pulmonary Tuberculosis (T.B)
      1828 views
      5. Emphysema
    5. Emphysema
      2909 views
      6. Lung Cancer
    6. Lung Cancer
      7688 views
      7. Bad effects of smoking
    7. Bad effects of smoking
      4565 views

    Chapter 4 Urinary System of Man (15 videos) (Exercises Exercise Answers)

      4.1: Excretion (Practice Test)
      Excretion in Animals
    1. Excretion in Animals
      9564 views
      2. Nature of Excretory Products in Relation to Habitats
    2. Nature of Excretory Products in Relation to Habitats
      7312 views
      4.2: Urinary System of Man (Practice Test)
      Urinary system
    1. Urinary system
      9245 views
      2. Structure of Kidney
    2. Structure of Kidney
      49113 views
      3. Structure of Nephron
    3. Structure of Nephron
      11277 views
      4. Blood Circulation to Nephron
    4. Blood Circulation to Nephron
      6650 views
      4.3: Urine Formation (Practice Test)
      Functions of Kidney
    1. Functions of Kidney
      9917 views
      2. Concentration of Excretory Product
    2. Concentration of Excretory Product
      4743 views
      4.4: Functions of Kidney (Practice Test)
      Functions of Kidney
    1. Functions of Kidney
      27826 views
      4.5: Disorders of Urinary Tract (Practice Test)
      Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
    1. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
      3371 views
      2. Kidney Stone
    2. Kidney Stone
      4168 views
      3. Kidney (Renal) Failure, Dialysis
    3. Kidney (Renal) Failure, Dialysis
      13435 views
      4. Lithotripsy
    4. Lithotripsy
      3666 views
      5. Peritoneal Dialysis
    5. Peritoneal Dialysis
      20631 views
      6. Kidney Transplant
    6. Kidney Transplant
      2333 views

    Chapter 5 Nervous System of Man (34 videos) (Exercises Exercise Answers)

      5.1: Receptors are Transducers (Practice Test)
      The Nervous System
    1. The Nervous System
      429 views
      2. Working Model of The Nervous System
    2. Working Model of The Nervous System
      110 views
      5.2: Path of a Message Transmitted to the Central Nervous System (Practice Test)
      Neuron Types
    1. Neuron Types
      10302 views
      5.3: Neuron (Practice Test)
      Nerve cell or Neuron
    1. Nerve cell or Neuron
      14832 views
      2. Neuron Types
    2. Neuron Types
      10302 views
      3. Nervous Tissue
    3. Nervous Tissue
      3224 views
      5.4: Reflex Arc (Practice Test)
      Reflex Action
    1. Reflex Action
      10745 views
      5.5: Nerve Impulse (Practice Test)
      Generation and transmission of nerve impulse
    1. Generation and transmission of nerve impulse
      2. Nerve Impulse and Resting Membrane Potential
    2. Nerve Impulse and Resting Membrane Potential
      12246 views
      3. Refractory Period
    3. Refractory Period
      4. Velocities of Nerve Impulse
    4. Velocities of Nerve Impulse
      5. The Role of Local Circuits In Saltatory Conduction of Nerve Impulse
    5. The Role of Local Circuits In Saltatory Conduction of Nerve Impulse
      5.6: Synapse (Practice Test)
      Synapse
    1. Synapse
      11029 views
      2. Classification of Neurotransmitters
    2. Classification of Neurotransmitters
      5.7: Main Components of Nervous System (Practice Test)
      Central Nervous System (CNS) Brain
    1. Central Nervous System (CNS) Brain
      10596 views
      2. Mid Brain and Hind Brain
    2. Mid Brain and Hind Brain
      11262 views
      3. Spinal cord
    3. Spinal cord
      13955 views
      4. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
    4. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
      29672 views
      5. More on Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
    5. More on Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
      2975 views
      6. Other Senses, Smell, Taste and Touch
    6. Other Senses, Smell, Taste and Touch
      2404 views
      7. Working of Sensory Receptors with Special Reference to Skin
    7. Working of Sensory Receptors with Special Reference to Skin
      4786 views
      5.8: Effects of Drugs on nervous Coordination (Practice Test)
      Effects of Drugs on Nervous Coordination
    1. Effects of Drugs on Nervous Coordination
      2. Narcotic Drugs
    2. Narcotic Drugs
      3. Nicotine, Alcohol
    3. Nicotine, Alcohol
      4. Drug Addiction And Drug Tolerance
    4. Drug Addiction And Drug Tolerance
      5.9: Pain Medicines Reduce or Numb Pain in Human Body
      Pain Medicines Reduce or Numb Pain in Human Body
    1. Pain Medicines Reduce or Numb Pain in Human Body
      5.10: Disorders of the Nervous System (Practice Test)
      Stroke
    1. Stroke
      849 views
      2. Meningitis
    2. Meningitis
      1315 views
      3. Brain Tumors
    3. Brain Tumors
      1249 views
      4. Headache
    4. Headache
      1311 views
      5. Alzheimer's Disease
    5. Alzheimer's Disease
      3664 views
      5.11: Principles of Diagnostic Tests for Nervous Disorders (Practice Test)
      Electroencephalography
    1. Electroencephalography
      419 views
      2. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
    2. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
      3. Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) Scan
    3. Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) Scan

    Chapter 6 Endocrine System of Man (12 videos) (Exercises Exercise Answers)

      6.1: Hormones (Practice Test)
      Chemical Nature of Hormone
    1. Chemical Nature of Hormone
      5946 views
      2. Mode of Hormone Action
    2. Mode of Hormone Action
      4163 views
      6.2: Endocrine System of Man (Practice Test)
      Important endocrine gland
    1. Important endocrine gland
      9123 views
      2. Pituitary Gland
    2. Pituitary Gland
      7291 views
      3. Pituitary's Median lobe and posterior lobe
    3. Pituitary's Median lobe and posterior lobe
      4164 views
      4. Thyroid Gland
    4. Thyroid Gland
      10441 views
      5. Parathyroid
    5. Parathyroid
      7905 views
      6. Pancreas
    6. Pancreas
      10728 views
      7. Adrenal Gland
    7. Adrenal Gland
      9392 views
      8. Gonads
    8. Gonads
      8639 views
      6.3: Neurosecretory Role of Hypothalamus
      Neurosecretory Role of Hypothalamus
    1. Neurosecretory Role of Hypothalamus
      6.4: Feedback Mechanism (Practice Test)
      Feed Back Mechanism
    1. Feed Back Mechanism
      11601 views

    Chapter 7 Skeletal System of Man (33 videos) (Exercises Exercise Answers)

      7.1: Human Skeleton (Practice Test)
      Bones
    1. Bones
      10019 views
      2. Cartilages
    2. Cartilages
      6653 views
      7.2: Divisions of Human Skeleton (Practice Test)
      Human Skeleton, Axial Skeleton
    1. Human Skeleton, Axial Skeleton
      38474 views
      2. Skull
    2. Skull
      3485 views
      3. Vertebral Column
    3. Vertebral Column
      9 views
      4. Ribs
    4. Ribs
      2583 views
      5. Appendicular Skeleton
    5. Appendicular Skeleton
      8148 views
      6. Pelvic Girdle
    6. Pelvic Girdle
      3262 views
      7. Pectoral Girdle and Forelimb
    7. Pectoral Girdle and Forelimb
      8. Hind Limb
    8. Hind Limb
      7.3: Joints (Practice Test)
      Types of Joints
    1. Types of Joints
      11695 views
      2. More on Joints
    2. More on Joints
      3205 views
      3. Synovial Joint
    3. Synovial Joint
      4692 views
      7.4: Disorders of Skeleton (Practice Test)
      Disc-Slip
    1. Disc-Slip
      6459 views
      2. Spondylosis
    2. Spondylosis
      3761 views
      3. Sciatica
    3. Sciatica
      4201 views
      4. Arthritis and its Types
    4. Arthritis and its Types
      1679 views
      5. Defects of Skeletal System
    5. Defects of Skeletal System
      1329 views
      7.5: Bone Fractures (Practice Test)
      Repair of Broken Bones
    1. Repair of Broken Bones
      8478 views
      7.6: Injuries to Joints
      Joint Injuries
    1. Joint Injuries
      7.7: Muscles (Practice Test)
      Muscular System
    1. Muscular System
      4186 views
      2. Muscles and Movements
    2. Muscles and Movements
      7571 views
      3. Smooth and Cardiac Muscles
    3. Smooth and Cardiac Muscles
      4437 views
      7.8: Structure of Skeletal Muscles (Practice Test)
      Skeletal Muscles , Skeletal Muscle Fibre
    1. Skeletal Muscles , Skeletal Muscle Fibre
      12189 views
      2. More on Skeletal Muscles , Skeletal Muscle Fibre
    2. More on Skeletal Muscles , Skeletal Muscle Fibre
      8763 views
      3. Ultra Structure of Microfilaments
    3. Ultra Structure of Microfilaments
      6912 views
      7.9: Muscle Contraction-Sliding Filament Model (Practice Test)
      Sliding Filament Model
    1. Sliding Filament Model
      8807 views
      2. How Bridges are Controlled
    2. How Bridges are Controlled
      5968 views
      7.10: Antagonistic Arrangement of Skeletal Muscles (Practice Test)
      Arrangement of Skeletal Muscles for Skeletal Movement
    1. Arrangement of Skeletal Muscles for Skeletal Movement
      4024 views
      2. Origin, Insertion, Belly, Ligaments and Tendons
    2. Origin, Insertion, Belly, Ligaments and Tendons
      3142 views
      3. Movement in Knee Joint
    3. Movement in Knee Joint
      7.11: Muscle Disorders (Practice Test)
      Tetany, Cramp
    1. Tetany, Cramp
      14328 views
      2. Bacillary Dysentery, Tetanus
    2. Bacillary Dysentery, Tetanus
      2050 views

    Chapter 8 Thermoregulation, Homeostasis (12 videos) (Exercises Exercise Answers)

      8.1: Thermoregulation (Practice Test)
      Osmoregulation, Thermoregulation and Excretion
    1. Osmoregulation, Thermoregulation and Excretion
      29601 views
      2. Classification of Animals on the Basis of Their Body Temperature
    2. Classification of Animals on the Basis of Their Body Temperature
      6239 views
      3. Classification of Animals on the Basis of Heat Production
    3. Classification of Animals on the Basis of Heat Production
      4. Regulation of Heat Exchange Between Animals and Environment
    4. Regulation of Heat Exchange Between Animals and Environment
      4544 views
      5. Regulatory Strategies
    5. Regulatory Strategies
      3674 views
      6. Thermostat Function and Feedback Controls in Human and Fever
    6. Thermostat Function and Feedback Controls in Human and Fever
      3770 views
      8.2: Homeostasis (Practice Test)
      Homeostasis
    1. Homeostasis
      2717 views
      2. Feed Back Mechanism
    2. Feed Back Mechanism
      11601 views
      8.3: Osmoregulation (Practice Test)
      Osmoregulation in Animals
    1. Osmoregulation in Animals
      17204 views
      2. Osmoregulation in Different Environments
    2. Osmoregulation in Different Environments
      12639 views
      3. Marine Environments
    3. Marine Environments
      8056 views
      4. Terrestrial Environments
    4. Terrestrial Environments
      5959 views

    Chapter 9 Immunity (27 videos) (Exercises Exercise Answers)

      9.1: First Line of Defense (Practice Test)
      Immunity, Immunology
    1. Immunity, Immunology
      2849 views
      2. First Line of Defense
    2. First Line of Defense
      7244 views
      3. Cilia and Mucus
    3. Cilia and Mucus
      2288 views
      9.2: Second Line of Defense-Nonspecific Defense (Practice Test)
      Second Line of Defense
    1. Second Line of Defense
      3985 views
      2. Killing Cells of Blood, Macrophages
    2. Killing Cells of Blood, Macrophages
      2661 views
      3. Neutrophils, Natural Killer Cells
    3. Neutrophils, Natural Killer Cells
      5185 views
      4. Complement System
    4. Complement System
      2652 views
      5. Interferon
    5. Interferon
      3859 views
      6. Inflammatory Response as one of the non specific Defenses
    6. Inflammatory Response as one of the non specific Defenses
      2431 views
      7. Pyrexia and Pyrogens
    7. Pyrexia and Pyrogens
      3910 views
      8. Ways the Fever kills Microbes
    8. Ways the Fever kills Microbes
      1420 views
      9.3: Third Line of Defense-The Specific Defenses (Practice Test)
      The Specific Defenses (Third Line of Defense )
    1. The Specific Defenses (Third Line of Defense )
      4888 views
      2. Antigen, Antibody
    2. Antigen, Antibody
      15141 views
      3. Role of Monocytes in Third Line of Defense
    3. Role of Monocytes in Third Line of Defense
      674 views
      4. Cell Mediated Immune Response
    4. Cell Mediated Immune Response
      2827 views
      5. Humoral Immunity
    5. Humoral Immunity
      403 views
      6. The Antibody Mediated Immune Response
    6. The Antibody Mediated Immune Response
      1879 views
      7. Role of Memory Cell in Immunity
    7. Role of Memory Cell in Immunity
      1330 views
      8. Structure Model of Antibodies
    8. Structure Model of Antibodies
      2181 views
      9. Mode of Action of an Antibody
    9. Mode of Action of an Antibody
      105 views
      10. Primary and Secondary Immune Response
    10. Primary and Secondary Immune Response
      4064 views
      11. Monoclonal Antibodies
    11. Monoclonal Antibodies
      12. Inborn and acquired immunity
    12. Inborn and acquired immunity
      1274 views
      9.4: Types of Acquired Immunity (Practice Test)
      Inborn and acquired immunity
    1. Inborn and acquired immunity
      1274 views
      2. Allergies
    2. Allergies
      1323 views
      3. Autoimmune Disease
    3. Autoimmune Disease
      1854 views
      4. Role of T-Cells and b-Cells in Transplant Rejection
    4. Role of T-Cells and b-Cells in Transplant Rejection
      3129 views

    Chapter 10 Biotechnology (24 videos) (Exercises Exercise Answers)

      10.1: Introduction to Genetic Engineering (Practice Test)
      Biotechnology, The Genetic Engineering
    1. Biotechnology, The Genetic Engineering
      11062 views
      2. Recombinant DNA Technology
    2. Recombinant DNA Technology
      27401 views
      3. Advance Recombinant DNA Technology, How to Get a Gene
    3. Advance Recombinant DNA Technology, How to Get a Gene
      5232 views
      10.2: Molecular Scissors (Restriction Endonuclease) (Practice Test)
      Molecular Scissor: Restriction Endonucleases
    1. Molecular Scissor: Restriction Endonucleases
      5696 views
      10.3: Molecular Carriers or Vectors (Practice Test)
      Molecular Carrier: Vector
    1. Molecular Carrier: Vector
      5827 views
      2. Molecular Carrier (Vector) Plasmid and Bacteriophage
    2. Molecular Carrier (Vector) Plasmid and Bacteriophage
      2878 views
      3. Molecular Carrier (Vector) Cosmid and Artificial Chromosome
    3. Molecular Carrier (Vector) Cosmid and Artificial Chromosome
      4. DNA Ligase and Expression System
    4. DNA Ligase and Expression System
      2946 views
      5. Expression of the Recombinant DNA
    5. Expression of the Recombinant DNA
      2914 views
      10.4: Formation of Human Insulin Protein in Bacteria (Practice Test)
      Insulin production
    1. Insulin production
      1076 views
      2. Isolating the Insulin Gene
    2. Isolating the Insulin Gene
      812 views
      3. Inserting Insulin Gene into a Vector
    3. Inserting Insulin Gene into a Vector
      4. Selection of Genetically Modified Bacteria
    4. Selection of Genetically Modified Bacteria
      945 views
      10.5: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) (Practice Test)
      The Polymerase Chain Reaction
    1. The Polymerase Chain Reaction
      4706 views
      2. Components of PCR
    2. Components of PCR
      3158 views
      3. Mechanism of PCR
    3. Mechanism of PCR
      3492 views
      4. Applications of PCR
    4. Applications of PCR
      8141 views
      10.6: Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) (Practice Test)
      Genetically Modified Organisms
    1. Genetically Modified Organisms
      294 views
      2. Transgenic Bacteria
    2. Transgenic Bacteria
      3120 views
      3. Transgenic Plants
    3. Transgenic Plants
      8973 views
      4. Transgenic Animals
    4. Transgenic Animals
      3843 views
      10.7: Working of Vertical (Soil-Free) Food Farms
      Vertical farming
    1. Vertical farming
      2. The Technique of Hydroponic System and The Concept of Cloning In Biology
    2. The Technique of Hydroponic System and The Concept of Cloning In Biology
      10.8: Comparison of Vertical Food Farms with General Agricultural Practices in Pakistan
      Vertical farming
    1. Vertical farming

    Chapter 11 Biostatistics and Data Handling (27 videos) (Exercises Exercise Answers)

      11.1: Biostatistics and its Uses
      Biostatistics and its Uses
    1. Biostatistics and its Uses
      11.2: Definition and Calculation of Mean, Median, Mode, Standard Deviation, Range and Percentile (Practice Test)
      Concept of Arithmetic Mean
    1. Concept of Arithmetic Mean
      2924 views
      2. Problem-Concept of Arithmetic Mean
    2. Problem-Concept of Arithmetic Mean
      1581 views
      3. Arithmetic Mean of Raw Data-Direct Method
    3. Arithmetic Mean of Raw Data-Direct Method
      4101 views
      4. Arithmetic Mean for Grouped Data-Direct Method
    4. Arithmetic Mean for Grouped Data-Direct Method
      3278 views
      5. Problem-Arithmetic Mean for Grouped Data-Direct Method
    5. Problem-Arithmetic Mean for Grouped Data-Direct Method
      1833 views
      6. Median of Primary Data
    6. Median of Primary Data
      166 views
      7. Median for Ungrouped Data
    7. Median for Ungrouped Data
      4878 views
      8. Problem-Median for Ungrouped Data
    8. Problem-Median for Ungrouped Data
      1934 views
      9. Median for Grouped Data
    9. Median for Grouped Data
      3057 views
      10. Problem-Median for Grouped Data
    10. Problem-Median for Grouped Data
      1735 views
      11. Merits and Demerits of Measures of Median
    11. Merits and Demerits of Measures of Median
      4771 views
      12. Mode for Ungrouped Data
    12. Mode for Ungrouped Data
      1778 views
      13. Problem-Mode for Ungrouped Data
    13. Problem-Mode for Ungrouped Data
      1130 views
      14. Mode for Grouped Data
    14. Mode for Grouped Data
      2476 views
      15. Problem-Mode for Grouped Data
    15. Problem-Mode for Grouped Data
      395 views
      16. Range, variance and standard deviation for ungrouped data
    16. Range, variance and standard deviation for ungrouped data
      17. Calculation of Standard Deviation by Short Cut Method
    17. Calculation of Standard Deviation by Short Cut Method
      3227 views
      18. Calculation of Range for Ungrouped Data
    18. Calculation of Range for Ungrouped Data
      1849 views
      19. Calculation of Range for Grouped Data
    19. Calculation of Range for Grouped Data
      4332 views
      20. Limitations or Drawbacks of Range
    20. Limitations or Drawbacks of Range
      102 views
      21. Median, Quartiles and Percentiles
    21. Median, Quartiles and Percentiles
      548 views
      11.3: Sketching a Bar Chart for a Given Set of Biological Data (Practice Test)
      Introduction to Graph
    1. Introduction to Graph
      288 views
      2. Reading bar graph
    2. Reading bar graph
      116 views
      11.4: Sketching and Construction of Bar Charts and Pie Charts with Proper Title, Labelled Axes, Legends, Axes Units (Practice Test)
      Data Representation By Pie Diagram
    1. Data Representation By Pie Diagram
      1922 views
      2. Problem-Data Representation By Pie Diagram
    2. Problem-Data Representation By Pie Diagram
      67 views
      11.5: Experimental Designs with Control Group and Dependent, Independent and Control Variables (Practice Test)
      Introducing Dependent and Independent Variables
    1. Introducing Dependent and Independent Variables
      10317 views

    Chapter 12 Structural and Computational Biology (8 videos) (Exercises Exercise Answers)

      12.1: Structural Biology
      Structural Biology
    1. Structural Biology
      12.2: Importance of Structural Determination of Biomolecules
      Structural Biology
    1. Structural Biology
      12.3: X-Ray Crystallography
      X-Ray Crystallography and Protein Data Bank (PDB)
    1. X-Ray Crystallography and Protein Data Bank (PDB)
      12.4: Online Database for Biomolecule Structures: The Protein Data Bank (PDB)
      X-Ray Crystallography and Protein Data Bank (PDB)
    1. X-Ray Crystallography and Protein Data Bank (PDB)
      12.5: Computational Biology
      Computational and Computational Evolutionary Biology
    1. Computational and Computational Evolutionary Biology
      12.6: Computational Evolutionary Biology
      Computational and Computational Evolutionary Biology
    1. Computational and Computational Evolutionary Biology
      12.7: Sequence Homology
      Sequence and Structural Homology
    1. Sequence and Structural Homology
      12.8: Structural Homology
      Sequence and Structural Homology
    1. Sequence and Structural Homology

    Chapter 13 Climate Change (5 videos)

      13.1: Climate Change, Its Causes and Impacts on Biodiversity (Practice Test)
      Relationship Between Human Activity And Climate
    1. Relationship Between Human Activity And Climate
      13.2: Climate Change Impacts on Ocean Ecosystem (Practice Test)
      Global Warming
    1. Global Warming
      4039 views
      2. Effect of Global Warming
    2. Effect of Global Warming
      1973 views
      3. El Niño And La Niña
    3. El Niño And La Niña
      13.3: Species Extinction Due to Climate Change (Practice Test)
      Conservation of Biodiversity, Endangered Species in Pakistan
    1. Conservation of Biodiversity, Endangered Species in Pakistan
      4067 views

    Chapter 14 Selected Topics (5 videos)

      14.1: Biological Warfare
      Biological Warfare and Types of Biological Weapons
    1. Biological Warfare and Types of Biological Weapons
      14.2: Biodefense (Practice Test)
      Synthetic Biology
    1. Synthetic Biology
      2. Immunization and Vaccination
    2. Immunization and Vaccination
      4678 views
      14.3: Omics
      Introduction to Omics and Its Branches
    1. Introduction to Omics and Its Branches
      14.4: Synthetic Biology
      Synthetic Biology
    1. Synthetic Biology

    Chapter 15 Pharmacological Drugs (7 videos) (Exercises Exercise Answers)

      15.1: Drug Discovery and Development Process
      Drug Discovery and Development Process
    1. Drug Discovery and Development Process
      15.2: Antibiotics and their Mode of Action (Practice Test)
      Antibiotics
    1. Antibiotics
      3092 views
      2. Categories of Antibiotics
    2. Categories of Antibiotics
      3. Mode of Action of Antibiotics
    3. Mode of Action of Antibiotics
      15.3: Antiviral and Antiretrovirals
      Antivirals and Antiretrovirals
    1. Antivirals and Antiretrovirals
      15.4: Advantages of Monoclonal Antibodies (Practice Test)
      Monoclonal Antibodies
    1. Monoclonal Antibodies
      2. Monoclonal Antibodies in Diagnosis of Diseases
    2. Monoclonal Antibodies in Diagnosis of Diseases
      1930 views