Biology | IGCSE
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- Living Things
- Aims and Basis of Classification
- Two Kingdom Classification System
- Binomial Nomenclature
- Characteristics of Animals
- More on Characteristics of Animals
- General Characteristics of Plants
- Characteristics of Fungi
- Characteristics of Fungi
- General Characteristics of Protists
- Structure of Bacterial Cell
- Viruses
- Structure of Viruses
- Class Pisces (Fishes)
- Class Amphibia
- Class Reptilia
- Class Aves
- Class Mammalia
- Phylum Arthropoda
- Classification of Arthropods
- Classification of Plantae
- Plant Body of Angiosperms
- Comparison of Monocots and Dicots
Chapter 1 Classification ( 25 videos) (Practice Test)
1.1: Characteristics of Living Things
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1.2: Classification (Practice Test)
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1.3: The Kingdoms of Living Organisms (Practice Test)
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1.4: Viruses (Practice Test)
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1.5: Classifying Animals (Practice Test)
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1.6: Classifying Plants (Practice Test)
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- Light Microscope
- Electron Microscope
- Cell Membrane
- More on Cell Membrane
- Cell wall
- Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton
- More on Cytoplasm, Cell Organelles
- Vacuoles
- More on Vacuoles
- Chloroplasts, The Sites of Photosynthesis
- Nucleus
- More on Nucleus
- Chromosomes, Nucleolus
- Mitochondria
- Mitochondria Convert Energy
- Ribosomes
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), Ribosomes
- Levels of Organization
- Tissues and Organs
Chapter 2 Cells ( 21 videos) (Practice Test)
2.1: Cell Structure (Practice Test)
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2.2: Cells and Organisms (Practice Test)
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- Diffusion and Facilitated Diffusion
- Osmosis
- More on Osmosis
- Passive Transport and Active Transport
Chapter 3 Movement in and Out of Cells ( 4 videos) (Practice Test)
3.1: Diffusion
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3.2: Osmosis (Practice Test)
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3.3: Active Transport
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- Carbohydrates
- Monosaccharides
- Proteins
- Polysaccharides
- Functions of Carbohydrates
- Lipids Characteristics
- Structure of Protein
- More on Structure of Protein
- Functions of Protein
- Watson-Crick Model of DNA
Chapter 4 The Chemicals of Life ( 14 videos) (Practice Test)
4.1: Carbohydrates (Practice Test)
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4.2: Fats
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4.3: Proteins (Practice Test)
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4.5: DNA (Practice Test)
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- Enzymes
- Mechanism of Enzymes
- Characteristics of Enzymes
- Factors Affecting the Rate of Enzyme Action
Chapter 5 Enzymes ( 4 videos) (Practice Test)
5.1: Biological Catalysts (Practice Test)
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5.2: Properties of Enzymes (Practice Test)
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- Photosynthesis
- Role of Chlorophyll and Light
- Chloroplasts, The Sites of Photosynthesis
- More on Leaf Structure and Function
Chapter 6 Plant Nutrition ( 11 videos) (Practice Test)
6.1: Photosynthesis (Practice Test)
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6.2: Leaves (Practice Test)
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6.3: Testing Leaves for Starch
6.4: Limiting Factors
6.5: The Importance of Photosynthesis (Practice Test)
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- Balanced Diet
- Need for Energy in Living Organisms
- Vitamin A
- Vitamin C and D
- Minerals
- Water and Dietary Fiber
- Digestion in Stomach
- Saturated and Unsaturated Fats
- Atherosclerosis and Arteriosclerosis
- Obesity, Anorexia Nervosa
- Effects of Malnutrition
- Protein - Energy Malnutrition
- Digestion in Human
- Types of Digestion
- Human Alimentary Canal
- Digestion in Stomach
- Digestion in Oral Cavity
- Oral Cavity
- Digestion in Pharynx and Oesophagus
- Digestion in Stomach
- Digestion in Small Intestine
- Functions of Liver
- Absorption of Protein in Small Intestine
- Diarrhoea and Vomiting
- Digestion in Human
- Functions of Liver
Chapter 7 Animal Nutrition ( 31 videos) (Practice Test)
7.1: Diet (Practice Test)
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7.2: Digestion (Practice Test)
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7.3: Teeth (Practice Test)
7.4: The Alimentary Canal (Practice Test)
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7.5: Assimilation
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- Transport in Plants
- Xylem Tissues
- Structure of Root
- Structure of Stem
- Uptake of Water by Roots and Pathways
- Translocation
- Transport of Food
Chapter 8 Transport in Plants ( 13 videos) (Practice Test)
8.1: Plant Transport Systems (Practice Test)
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8.2: Water Uptake (Practice Test)
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8.3: Transpiration (Practice Test)
8.4: Transport of Manufactured Food (Practice Test)
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- Circulation of Blood Inside Heart
- Passage of Blood Through Heart
- Double Circuit Circulation
- Single Circuit Circulation
- Structure of Human Heart
- More on Structure of Human Heart
- More on Structure of Human Heart
- Narrowing of Coronary Arteries
- Heartbeat
- Valves of Heart
- More on Valves of Heart
- More on Blood Vessels, Arteries
- Capillaries
- Veins
- More on Pulmonary Circulation
- More on Systemic Circulation
- Coronary Circulation
- Renal Circulation
- Lymphatic System
- Lymphatic System of Man
- Lymphatic Vessels
- Lymphatic Capillaries
- Spleen as a Lymphatic Organ
Chapter 9 Transport in Animals ( 31 videos) (Practice Test)
9.1: Circulatory System (Practice Test)
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9.2: The Heart (Practice Test)
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9.3: Blo0d Vessels (Practice Test)
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9.4: Blood (Practice Test)
9.5: Lymph and Tissue Fluid (Practice Test)
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- Disposal of Plastics
- Biological Principles of Sewage Treatment
- Immunity, Immunology
- Antigen, Antibody
- The Antibody Mediated Immune Response
- Role of Memory Cell in Immunity
- Inborn and Acquired Immunity
- Types of Immunity, Active Immunity
- Passive Immunity
- Autoimmune Disorders
Chapter 10 Pathogens and Immunity ( 12 videos) (Practice Test)
10.1: Pathogens
10.2: Body Defences (Practice Test)
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10.3: The Immune System (Practice Test)
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- Properties of Respiratory Surfaces
- Mechanism of Breathing in Man
- Mechanism of Breathing
- Upper Respiratory Tract (Nose)
- Pharynx
- Lower Respiratory Tract (Larynx and Trachea)
- Bronchi and Bronchioles
- Inspiration (Inhalation)
- Expiration
Chapter 11 Respiration and Gas Exchange ( 14 videos) (Practice Test)
11.1: Respiration (Practice Test)
11.2: Gas Exchange in Humans (Practice Test)
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11.3: Breathing Movements (Practice Test)
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- Excretion
- Urinary System
- Structure of Kidney
- Nephron
- Role of Kidney
- Urea Formation, Kidney Filtration
- Function of Kidney
- Renal Failure
- Peritoneal Dialysis
- Kidney Transplant
- Treatment of Malfunctioned Kidneys
Chapter 12 Excretion ( 17 videos) (Practice Test)
12.1: Excretory Products (Practice Test)
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12.2: Nitrogenous Waste (Practice Test)
12.3: The Human Excretory System (Practice Test)
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- Stimuli, Receptors, Effectors, Response
- Coordinated Action, Stimuli, Receptors
- Steps Involved in Coordination
- The Nervous System
- The Divisions of Brain, Forebrain
- Reflex Action
- Nerve cell or Neuron
- Nerve Types
- Neuron Types
- Nervous Tissue
- Synapse
- Important endocrine gland
- Adrenal Gland
- Pituitary Gland
- Pituitary's Median Lobe and Posterior Lobe
- Thyroid Gland
- Parathyroid
- Tropic Movements
- Auxins and Gibberellins
Chapter 13 Coordination and Response ( 25 videos) (Practice Test)
13.1: Coordination in Animals (Practice Test)
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13.2: The Human Nervous System (Practice Test)
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13.3: Receptors (Practice Test)
13.4: The Endocrine System (Practice Test)
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13.5: Coordination and Response in Plants (Practice Test)
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- Homeostasis
- Temperature Classification of Animals
- The Structure and Role of Skin
- Concept of Feedback
- Feedback Mechanism
- Feedback Mechanism
- Diabetes Mellitus and Its Genetic Basis
Chapter 14 Homeostasis ( 8 videos) (Practice Test)
14.1: Maintaining the Internal Environment (Practice Test)
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14.2: Control of Body Temperature (Practice Test)
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14.3: Control of Blood Glucose Concentration (Practice Test)
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- Drug, Pharmaceutical Drug, Addictive Drugs
- Antibiotics
- Drug, Pharmaceutical Drug, Addictive Drugs
- Nicotine and Alcohol
- Nicotine and Alcohol
- Emphysema
- Bronchitis, Emphysema
- Bad effect of Smoking
- Lung Cancer
Chapter 15 Drugs ( 10 videos) (Practice Test)
15.1: What is a Drug? (Practice Test)
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15.2: Medicinal Drugs (Practice Test)
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15.3: Misuse of Drugs (Practice Test)
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15.4: Tobacco Smoking (Practice Test)
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- Reproduction in Plants
- Runners and Tubers
- Sexual Reproduction
- Sexual Reproduction in Plants
- Life Cycle of Flowering Plant
- Parts of a Flower
- Structure of Ovules
- Structure of Pollen Grain
- Pollination
- Pollination By Water And Wind
- Pollination By Animals
- Formation of Seed And Fruit
- Germination of Seed
Chapter 16 Reproduction in Plants ( 17 videos) (Practice Test)
16.1: Asexual Reproduction (Practice Test)
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16.2: Sexual Reproduction (Practice Test)
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16.3: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants (Practice Test)
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16.4: Comparing Sexual and Asexual Reproduction (Practice Test)
- Female Reproductive System
- Function of Female Reproductive System
- Male Reproductive System
- Human Embryonic Development
- Menstrual Cycle
- Hormonal Control of Reproductive Cycles
- AIDS, A Sexually Transmitted Disease
- Symptoms and Treatment of AIDS
Chapter 17 Reproduction in Humans ( 9 videos) (Practice Test)
17.1: Human Reproductive Organs (Practice Test)
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17.2: Fertilisation and Development (Practice Test)
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17.3: The Menstrual Cycle (Practice Test)
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17.4: Sexually Transmitted Infections (Practice Test)
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- Types of Chromosomes
- Composition of Chromosome
- Number and Structure of Chromosome
- The Nucleus contains Chromosomes
- Chromosome in Man
- Two Types of Nuclear Division
- Anaphase, Telophase of Mitosis
- More on Mitosis, Cytokinesis
- Significance of Mitosis
- Metaphase I, Anaphase I and Telophase I
- Meiosis-I, Prophase I
- More on Meiosis-I, Prophase I
- Meiosis I (Prophase I)
- Meiosis-II
- Significance of Meiosis
- Importance of Meiosis
- Gamete - A Vehicle of Inheritance
- Gene and Genome, Chromosome, Chromatin
- Genes, Locus, Alleles, Phenotype, Genotype
- Complete Dominance
- Codominance
- Co-Dominance
- Punnet Square, Test Cross
- Punnet Square
- Patterns of Sex Determination
- Sex Determination, Chromosome in Drosophila
- Sex Linkage
- Sex Linkage in Drosophila
- Sex-Linkage in Human
- Nucleotide and Polynucleotide
- Genetic Code
- Transcription
- Advance Transcription
- Advance Transcription
- More on Transcription
- Post-Transcriptional Modification of mRNA
- Translation
- Translation, Protein Synthesis
- More on Translation, Protein Synthesis
Chapter 18 Inheritance ( 40 videos) (Practice Test)
18.1: Chromosomes (Practice Test)
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18.2: Cell Division (Practice Test)
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18.3: Inheritance (Practice Test)
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18.4: DNA and Protein Synthesis (Practice Test)
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- Discontinuous and Continuous Variations
- Variations And Natural Selection
- Importance of Mutation
- Chromosomal Mutations
- Hydrophytes and Halophytes
- Xerophytes and Mesophytes
- Variations And Natural Selection
- More on Theory of Natural Selection
- Theory of Natural Selection
- Sickle Cell Aneamia, Diabetes Mellitus
- Artificial Selection
Chapter 19 Variation and Natural Selection ( 14 videos) (Practice Test)
19.1: Variation (Practice Test)
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19.2: Adaptive features (Practice Test)
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19.3: Selection (Practice Test)
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- Ecology
- Food Chain
- Food Web
- Energy Flow in Food chain
- Pyramids of Energy
- Trophic Levels
- Ecological Pyramids of Biomass
- Ecological Pyramids of Number
- Carbon Cycle
- The Nitrogen Cycle
- More on Nitrogen Cycle
- The Nitrogen Cycle
- Assimilation and Denitrification
- Water Cycle
- Need of Population Planning
- Respiration and Growth in Bacteria
Chapter 20 Organisms and Their Environment ( 17 videos) (Practice Test)
20.1: Ecology (Practice Test)
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20.2: Energy Flow (Practice Test)
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20.3: Nutrient Cycles (Practice Test)
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20.4: Population Size (Practice Test)
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- Introduction To Biotechnology
- Biotechnology, The Genetic Engineering
- Uses of Enzymes
- Agaricus, Penicillium and Ustilago
- Procedure to Use Fermenter
- Biotechnology, The Genetic Engineering
- Insulin Production
- Isolating the Insulin Gene
Chapter 21 Biotechnology ( 12 videos) (Practice Test)
21.1: What is Biotechnology? (Practice Test)
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21.2: Using Yeast (Practice Test)
21.3: Making Use of Enzymes
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21.4: Penicillin (Practice Test)
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21.5: Genetic Engineering (Practice Test)
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- Green House Effect
- Acid Rain
- Mechanism of Acid Rain
- Effect of Acid Rain
- 3 R, Reduce, Reuse and Recycle
- Conservation of Biodiversity
- Conservation of Wildlife
Chapter 22 Human and The Environment ( 19 videos) (Practice Test)
22.1: Food Production
22.2: Habitat Destruction (Practice Test)
22.3: Pollution (Practice Test)
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22.4: Conservation (Practice Test)
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